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The head of a pressure - vessel dish, also known as a torispherical head, is a common type of end - closure for pressure vessels.
It is composed of three parts: a partial spherical shell, an arc - shaped flanging, and a straight - edge (a short cylindrical section). The transition part connects the spherical surface and the straight - edge, and its radius of curvature is smaller than that of the spherical surface. This design can be regarded as a crowned head with a flanging.
The torispherical head has the advantages of flexible processing, convenient forming and manufacturing, and low mold cost. However, due to the sudden change in the radius of curvature at the connection of the curved surfaces, there is a large edge bending stress, resulting in poor stress - bearing performance, so it is not suitable for high - pressure or occasions with frequent load changes. It is mostly used in low-pressure and medium-pressure pressure vessels.